KAPITEL 3
| TEIL 6 - DATIVE
PREPOSITIONS
|
B. Dative prepositions (Dativpräpositionen)
The dative case is always used with the following nine prepositions. They are referred to as dative prepositions.
Dative
prepositions
aus out
of, from,
made of außer except,
besides bei at
the home of,
near,
with, on gegenüber across
from, opposite mit with,
by (mode of transportation) nach to
(spatial),
after (temporal),
according to seit since,
for (temporal) von from
of, about,
by (authorship) zu to
(spatial),
at (temporal)
Examples:
aus out
of, from,
made of
Werner Heisenberg eilte aus dem Haus.
Werner Heisenberg rushed out of the house.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0002Werner Heisenberg kam aus Würzburg, aber studierte von 1920-1923 Physik in München.
Werner Heisenberg came from Würzburg, but studied physics in Munich from 1920-1923.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0003Er trug er eine Aktentasche aus Leder unter dem Arm.
He was carrying a briefcase made of leather under his arm.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0004
außer except,
besides
Außer seiner Aktentasche hatte er nicht viel bei sich.
Except for his briefcase, he didn't have much on him.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0005Außer drei Büchern hatte er noch eine Zeitung in der Aktentasche.
Besides three books, he also had a newspaper in his briefcase.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0006
bei at
the home of,
near,
with, on
Werner Heisenberg wohnte zuerst bei einem Freund.
Werner Heisenberg lived first at a friend's house.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0007Später wohnte er bei der Universität, weil er viel lernen musste.
Later, he was living near the university because he had to study a lot.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0008Werner Heisenberg hatte nicht viel Geld bei sich.
Werner Heisenberg did not have much money with/on him.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0009
Note:
The preposition bei
can also be used with verbs to indicate "while doing something". In this
case the infinitive of the verb is treated like a noun and is capitalized.
Beim Recherchieren bekam Werner Heisenberg neue Ideen.
While doing research Werner Heisenberg got new ideas.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0010
gegenüber opposite,
across from
Der Universität gegenüber gab es ein gutes Restaurant.
Across from the university there was a good restaurant.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0011
Note:
Gegenüber
can precede or follow the noun. It always follows a pronoun.
Gegenüber der Universität gab es ein gutes Restaurant.
Across from the university there was a good restaurant.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0012Ihm gegenüber gab es ein gutes Restaurant.
Across from him there was a good restaurant.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0013
mit with,
by (mode of transportation)
Zweishen 1924 und 1925 arbeitete Werner Heisenberg mit seinem Freund Niels Bohr an der Quantentheorie in Kopenhagen.
Between 1924 and 1925, Werner Heisenberg worked on quantum theory with his friend Niels Bohr in Kopenhagen.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0014Er fuhr mit dem Zug nach Kopenhagen.
He went by train to Copenhagen.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0015
nach
to
(a place),
after (temporal),
according to
Werner Heisenberg fuhr nach Leipzig, weil er dort von 1927 bis 1942 als Physikprofessor angestellt war.
Werner Heisenberg travelled to Leipzig, because he was employed there from 1927 to 1942 as a professor in theoretical physics.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0016Werner Heisenberg kam gastern erst nach zehn Uhr in Leipzig an.
Werner Heisenberg arrived yesterday after ten o'clock in Leipzig.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0017
Note:
When
nach
has the meaning according
to, it follows
the noun.
Seiner Meinung nach war die Arbeit in Leipzig wichtig.
According to his opinion, the work in Leipzig was important.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0018
seit for,
since (temporal)
Werner Heisenberg arbeitet seit einem Jahr an der Universität in Leipzig.
Werner Heisenberg has been working for a year at the University in Leipzig.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0019Der Assistent wartet seit elf Uhr auf den Professor.
The assistant has been waiting for the professor since eleven o'clock.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0020
Note:
As
described in chapter 2,
seit
plus the present
tense
is used to describe an action that began in the past and
continues into the present. English usually uses the present
perfect tense to express the same idea.
von from,
of, about,
by (authorship)
Gestern erhielt er einen Brief von seinem Freund Niels Bohr.
Yesterday he received a letter from his friend Niels Bohr.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0021Im Brief sprach er von seiner neuen Theorie.
In the letter he spoke about his new theory.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0022Neue Theorien wurden von seinem Freund Niels Bohr entwickelt.
New theories were developed by his friend Niels Bohr.
Intermatik Audio: kap3/IMK-K3-GR-0024
zu to
(spatial)
Werner Heisenberg geht oft zu seinem Freund nach Kopenhagen.
Werner Heisenberg often goes to Copenhagen to visit his friend.
Note:
The
prepositions bei
and von
contract with the definite
article
dem.
The preposition zu
contracts with der
and
dem.
bei + dem ---> beim Haus
von + dem --> vom Kind
zu + der--> zur Universität
zu + dem--> zum Theater